PDF/A defined in ISO 19005 is an established and a widely used standard for long-term archiving of documents. The first release of the standard (PDF/A-1) was based on the broadly used Portable Document Format (PDF) for encoding page-based documents, that was developed by Adobe Systems Inc. in 1993 to simplify data management and interchange.
The purposes of PDF/A is to specify the mechanism for representing digitally archived documents, which ensures that these documents (with all embedded content such as text, graphic, raster images, fonts and color information etc.) can be viewed in their original appearance and will be reproducible over long periods of time, independent from any software application or computing platform used to create, store and reproduce them. Furthermore the standard defines a framework for representing the logical structure (i.e. sequence of content of a document) and other semantic information (e.g. relations between parts of a document, or some attached files and the document content) of electronic documents.
ISO 19005 is created as a multi-part document and consists of the following parts:
- Part 1: Use of PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1)
- Part 2: Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF/A-2)
- Part 3: Use of ISO 32000-1 with support for embedded files (PDF/A-3)
- Part 4: Use of ISO 32000-2 (PDF/A-4)
- PDF Tools AG. (2005). PDF/A – the standard for long-term archiving [Online]. Available: http://www.pdf-tools.com/public/downloads/whitepapers/Whitepaper-PDFA-Standard-ISO-19005-US.pdf
"ISO 19005-1:2005 specifies how to use the Portable Document Format (PDF) 1.4 for long-term preservation of electronic documents. It is applicable to documents containing combinations of character, raster and vector data." (Abstract, ISO 19005-1:2005)
"SO 19005-2:2011 specifies the use of the Portable Document Format (PDF) 1.7, as formalized in ISO 32000-1, for preserving the static visual representation of page-based electronic documents over time. ISO 19005-2:2011 is not applicable to
- specific processes for converting paper or electronic documents to the PDF/A format,
- specific technical design, user interface, implementation, or operational details of rendering,
- specific physical methods of storing these documents, such as media and storage conditions,
- required computer hardware and/or operating systems." (Abstract, ISO 19005-2:2011)
"ISO 19005-3:2012 specifies the use of the Portable Document Format (PDF) 1.7, as formalized in ISO 32000-1, for preserving the static visual representation of page-based electronic documents over time in addition to allowing any type of other content to be included as an embedded file or attachment." Abstract, ISO 19005-3:2012)
This document specifies the use of the Portable Document Format (PDF) 2.0, as formalized in ISO 32000-2:—, for preserving the static visual representation of page based electronic documents over time in addition to allowing any type of other content to be included as an embedded file or attachment.
This document does not apply to:
- specific processes for converting paper or electronic documents to the PDF/A format;
- specific technical design, user interface, implementation, or operational details of rendering;
- specific physical methods of storing these documents such as media and storage conditions;
- required computer hardware and/or operating systems.
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